The study of the fundamental principles governing the evolution the organization of today's plant organisms (bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, bryophytes, tracheophytes and plants) and the evolution of their continuous interaction with the environment. Morphology is examined in molecular, subcellular, cellular and multicellular terms, but also in relation to environmental factors.

Physiology, including Ecophysiology, aims to understand the functional complexity of plant organisms. It offers students the opportunity to gain an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms and importance of biochemical, biophysical and developmental functions and processes in a plant life; from embryogenesis and germination, photosynthesis, water relations and nutrition, growth, growth and responses to endogenous and exogenous factors, up to ageing and death. In addition, the course Plant Development & Molecular Biology describes and analyzes (on a molecular, biochemical and genetic level) all the research achievements and molecular genetics mechanisms that govern the growth and development of plants.

General Microbiology, Molecular Microbiology and Applied and Environmental Microbiology offer the fundamental principles in Microbiology. Microbial evolution, systematic classification, structure and function of the most important phyla are thoroughly explained. The most important bacterial growth model and the way of controlling their growth is analyzed. Through the courses of Molecular Microbiology and Applied and Environmental Microbiology, knowledge is gained on the use of microorganisms as a molecular tool and on the biotechnological application of microorganisms aiming to improve the quality of human life.

The Section has the responsibility of teaching the following undergraduate courses: a) Plant Physiology, b) General Microbiology, c) Plant Ecoanatomy, d) Plant Cell Biology, e) Plant Metabolism, f) Applied & Environmental Microbiology, g) Molecular Plant Development, h) Plant Ecophysiology, i) Molecular Microbiology.

The Section participates in the teaching of the following cross-sectoral courses: a) Botany, b) History and Evolution of Biology, c) Elements of Mathematics & Biostatistics and d) Biotechnology.

In addition, the Section participates in the teaching of the courses of the Postgraduate Programs (MSc) entitled: a) Modern Trends in the Teaching of Biology with the Aid of New Technologies, b) Ecology & Conservation of Biodiversity and c)  Inter-institutional Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology.